International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research

Analytical Study of Brahmi Ghrtia: A Polyherbal Ayurvedic Compound

Jigyasa — 2025-05-15

Brahmi Ghrita was processed as per the process of Snehapaka procedure described in classics. It contained Brahmi (Bacopa monneri), Sunthi (Zingiber officinale), Maricha (Piper nigrum), Pippali (Piper longum), Shyama (Operculina turpethum), Trivrit (Operculina turpethum), Danti (Baliospermum montanum), Sankhpuspi (Convolvulus pluricaulis), Nrpadruma (Cassia fistula), Saptala (Euphorbia dracunculoides), and Vidanga (Embelia ribes), were mixed in Ghrita and heated for three hours at 110°C every day for three days. On the third day Ghrita was filtered to obtain the finished product. In this manner, three samples of Brahmi Ghrita were prepared. To understand the changes that occurred during the preparation, Brahmi Ghrita were analysed by using modern parameters such as acid value, saponification value, and so on. After the analysis, it was found that the Rancidity were absent in Brahmi Ghrita; acid values of Brahmi Ghrita were 1.81; the saponification values were 212.30; the iodine values were 39.17; the refractive index was 1.4590; the moisture were 0.12%; and the specific gravity were 0.9441 respectively. The present study revealed that, there was no significant variation in the analytical values among all three samples of Brahmi Ghrita. TLC was carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum 6 spots were distinguished.

Effectiveness of an Ayurvedic Formulation (Allergy Rakshak Avaleha) Alone and in Combination (with Allergy Rakshak Ghee) for Managing Allergic Rhinitis: An Open-label Randomized Controlled Study

Amritpal Singh — 2025-05-15

Allergic rhinitis is a common health concern worldwide, and Ayurveda offers potential alternatives to manage its symptoms and underlying causes. Objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Allergy Rakshak Avaleha alone and in combination with Allergy Rakshak Ghee. Materials and Methods: An open-label, randomized controlled study was conducted on participants aged 18 to 65 with allergic rhinitis. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: Group I received Allergy Rakshak Avaleha (½ spoon twice daily), Group II received Allergy Rakshak Avaleha (½ spoon twice daily) and Allergy Rakshak Ghee (2 drops in each nostril twice daily), and Group III received standard therapy with levocetirizine (5mg) and montelukast (10mg) once daily for 28 days. The primary outcomes were the changes in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), IgE levels, and eosinophil count at the end of the treatment (EoT), and at the 1-month follow-up. The secondary outcomes included changes in quality of life (QoL) and adverse events. Results: A total of 240 participants (80 per group) were enrolled in the study. All groups demonstrated a significant reduction (p<0.05) in TNSS, with Group II showing the greatest reduction in TNSS compared to Group III. Serum IgE levels did not show significant changes across any groups. No adverse events were reported in any of the groups. Conclusion: Allergy Rakshak Avaleha, both alone and in combination with Allergy Rakshak Ghee, was found to be safe and effective in managing allergic rhinitis. However, a randomized controlled trial with a larger sample size is recommended.

Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Priyanka Kumari — 2025-05-15

Vitamin B₁₂ named as Cobalamin a water-soluble vitamin plays significant role in several biological process such as DNA synthesis, Neurological function, and Optimal Haemopoiesis etc. The deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ affects a number of processes, including the methylation of homocysteine, nucleoprotein, myelin production, DNA synthesis, lipid and glucose metabolism, and others. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is a potential comorbidity that is often overlooked, but puts many diabetic patients at risk of developing particular complications. Various research showing an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. The purpose of the study is to find out the prevalence of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in Type 2 diabetic patients. 200 subjects of Type 2 diabetic patients were studied over a period of six months from August 2023 to February 2024 in the OPD of Kaya Chikitsha, Department of Ayurveda, IMS, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Results: The present study summarizes that the prevalence of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in T₂DM patients were 19% and 36% of respondents has borderline vitamin B₁₂ level. The results also shows that the majority of male were having the deficiency of the vitamin B₁₂ level as compare to the females. Study also shows the association of age and the vitamin B₁₂ level (p<0.05).

Development and Standardization of Ellumthippallyadi Lehya Candy

Neethu K V — 2025-05-15

Ellumthippallyadi Lehya is one among the classical lehya formulation mentioned in sahasrayogam. Lehya formulations are often sticky, dense, and may have a strong odor, which can be unappealing, especially for sensitive individuals. Dosage accuracy can also vary with difference in consistency. Candies, though primarily consumed for taste and pleasure are increasingly being explored for their potential as carriers for therapeutic agents. Development of new dosage forms and ensuring their quality and safety through pharmaceutical standardization is essential for their acceptance especially in health focused formulations. Ellumthippallyadi Lehya Yoga was converted to a candy as a modified dosage form with a uniform weight of 3g. Machinery support was used for the production of candies. The drugs were taken in the ratio as mentioned in the reference. The constituents in one candy were adjusted considering the amount of Loha bhasma as 50 mg in each candy. The candies were made using palm sugar candy as base and liquid glucose was added for desired consistency. Elluthippallyadi Lehya Candy was subjected to standard pharmaceutical evaluations, including organoleptic properties, weight variation, and Disintegration time, pH, and heavy metal analysis using standard methods. The Ellumthippallyadi Lehya candy demonstrated compliance with standard pharmaceutical parameters and its other safety parameters ensured its potential as a convenient dosage form.

Sigrusireeshadi Yoga in Mandalivisha Chikitsa

Praseela P — 2025-05-15

Agadatantra is one of the eight branches of Ayurveda that deals with toxicology. It primarily focuses on the study, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various toxic conditions affecting humans. Kerala has a rich and distinct tradition of Visha chikitsa renowned for its specialized therapies and effective management of venomous bites, food poisoning and environmental toxins. Many Malayalam texts that offer practical insights into toxicology, antidote formulations and indigenous treatment methods. Prayogasamuchaya is one among them which contain numerous formulations that are highly effective in managing various types of poisoning, venomous bites, and toxic conditions. Sigrusireeshadi yoga is explained in Triteeya paricheda ‘Mandali visha chikitsa’ of Prayogasamuchaya. It is indicated for external application in Mandali vishaja sopha. Swelling is the predominant symptom of viper bite, that requires emergency management. This Yoga contains 5 ingredients, including Sigru, Sireesha, Punarnava, Aswagandha and Sundi. This article aims to discuss the possible mechanism of action of Sigrusireeshadi yoga by analyzing its pharmacological properties. And the probable mode of use of this yoga in other Vishaja sopha.

Pharmaceutical Standardization of Amapachaka Vati: A Herbo-Mineral Formulation

Deepika Rathod — 2025-05-15

Introduction: Standardization of formulation is essential to certify their quality, purity and reproducibility. The standard of an Ayurvedic product can be assessed by analysing the analytical parameters of raw drugs, in-process materials, and the finished products. Amapachaka Vati is a well-known Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation which is mentioned by Chikitsapradip in Agnimandhya and Ajirna. Till date, no work has been done on pharmaceutical standardization of Amapachaka Vati. The present study was aimed to develop Standard Manufacturing Procedure (S.M.P.) of Amapachaka Vati. Materials and methods: In pharmaceutical process, 3 batches of Amapachaka Vati were carried out with the Shodhana procedure of required ingredients. Organoleptic and physicochemical analysis of raw, in-process and finished product were done. HPTLC and heavy metal analysis of finished product were also carried out. Results: In all three batches of Amapachaka Vati average 97.11% yield was found. Prepared Vati was greenish brown in color with characteristic odor. Physical parameters of Vati were in compliance with the general consideration of IP standards. HPTLC profile shows 6,5,8 peaks in 254, 366, and 540 nm. Conclusion: The preparation method of Amapachaka Vati carried out here can be considered as Standard Manufacturing Procedure (S.M.P.) as no previous standards are available for this preparation. Evaluated parameters for Amapachaka Vati can be used in future reference as a standard.

A Review Article on Hinguvadiagada in Vrichika Visha

Monika M — 2025-05-15

Agadatantra, a specialized branch of Ayurveda, focuses on the symptoms and management of poisons. Poisons are mainly classified into Sthavara and Jangama. Vrichika visha, a type of Keetavisha under Jangama visha, is known for its neurotoxic effects. The Ashtanga Hridaya Uttarasthana describes Hinguvadi Agada in the Keedaloothadi Visha Pratishedha Adhyaya as an effective formulation for managing Vrichika Visha. This simple herbomineral preparation includes Hingu, Haratala, and Matulunga and is administered in the form of Lepa and Anjana. Classical Ayurveda texts classify scorpions into three types based on the potency of their venom: Manda, Madya, and Mahavisha. While Lepa is effective for the local management of all three types of Vrichikadamsa, the Gutika-anjana form addresses systemic toxicity associated with Madya and Mahavisha types. The selection of ingredients in Hinguvadi Agada, especially Hingu and Matulunga, focuses on managing pain - a predominant symptom in scorpion stings. Acharya identified it as the best remedy for scorpion envenomation among the various available treatments due to its multidimensional pharmacological action.

This article aims to explore the ingredients, preparation method, and probable pharmacological mechanisms of Hinguvadi Agada in neutralizing scorpion venom. Additionally, its possible applicability in managing other neurotoxic envenomations, such as cobra and krait bites, is discussed, highlighting its potential as a versatile antidotal yoga in Ayurvedic toxicology.

Ayurvedic Management of Asrgdhara

Namitha S.N — 2025-05-15

Asrgdhara is a condition of ‘Raja pradeerana’, that is excessive flow of Raja or Arthava. One who follows the Nidana sevana like Lavana, Amla, Guru aharas, Snigdha aharas, Adhyashana, h/o Garbha pata etc. can result in Asrgdhara. This can be corelated to abnormal uterine bleeding. Present case study is about a patient with heavy menstrual bleeding with dysmenorrhea and passage of clots after attaining menstruation following her delivery and irregular cycles since menarche. In modern she was suggested for hysterectomy since her family is completed but patient denied. Here, after taking a detailed menstrual and personal history, the Doshas involved were analysed as Vata and Kapha. Since Asrgdhara is a Basti Sadhya vyadhi and following the Samanya chikitsa, the treatment plan was done. Treatment plan included Picha basti and required internal medications. Patient had significant symptomatic relief with gradual reduction in clots to no clots, reduced dysmenorrhea and also the cycles became regular within 3 months of intervention. This case is a perfect example for conditions where even after suggesting surgical management, how Ayurveda helps in leading a healthy life by bringing the condition under complete control.

A Case Study on the Add-On Effect of Kesharadi Ghrita with Ferrous Ascorbate in the Management of Mridbhakshanjanya Pandu (Pica)

Gajanan Ankush Cheke — 2025-05-15

Mridbhakshanjanya Pandu, an Ayurvedic condition correlated with iron deficiency anemia due to pica, is a prevalent disorder in pediatric populations, particularly in low socioeconomic settings. This case study presents a 7-year-old male with symptoms including pallor, fatigue, and habitual consumption of non-nutritive substances like clay and wall putty. Clinical and laboratory investigations confirmed iron deficiency anemia. The child was treated with a combination of Kesharadi Ghrita, a classical Ayurvedic formulation known for its Pitta-pacifying and digestive-enhancing properties, along with conventional ferrous ascorbate therapy over a 45-day period. Outcomes were assessed through symptomatic improvement and hematological parameters including hemoglobin levels, MCV, and RDW-CV. Notable clinical improvements were observed- pallor reduced from moderate to mild, appetite normalized, and pica behavior ceased. Hemoglobin levels rose from 8.2gm/dL to 10.3gm/dL without any reported side effects. The therapeutic role of Kesharadi Ghrita may be attributed to its Agni Deepana (digestive stimulant), Krimighna (anthelmintic), and Rasa Dhatu Poshana (nutritive) properties, which possibly enhanced iron absorption and corrected the underlying pathology. This case supports the integrative use of Ayurvedic interventions in pediatric anemia and highlights the need for further studies to evaluate the broader applicability of Kesharadi Ghrita in similar clinical contexts.

Managing Anovulatory Infertility Through Ayurveda: A Journey to the Birth of a Healthy Baby

Jyoti Arora — 2025-05-15

Anovulation as understood in Ayurveda, can be correlated with terms such as Alpapushpa/Nashtartava arising primarily due to vitiation in majorly Vata dosha, Rasavaha srotodushti and Agnimandya. This case report highlights the successful Ayurvedic management of a 26-year-old woman with anovulatory infertility who had been unable to conceive for three years. After undergoing extensive allopathic treatments without success, she opted for Ayurvedic management, which included Virechana and Uttara basti. The combination of these treatment helped restore Shuddha Kshetra (uterus), balances the Agni, and proper formation and improvement in quality of Artava. Result: After three months of Ayurvedic management, the patient successfully conceived and delivered a healthy baby. This case underscores the potential of Ayurvedic approach in managing anovulatory infertility and improving reproductive outcomes.

Exploring the Health Benefits and Therapeutic Uses of Amruthotharam Kashayam

Pravitha Rajan — 2025-05-15

Amruthotharam kashayam, or Nagaradi Kashayam, is prepared with three herbal remedies; Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Shunti (Zingiber officinale), and Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) in 6:4:2 ratio. This formulation has the potential to treat numerous diseases. Comparing to the other drugs, the proportion of Amritu is higher than Nagara and Harithaki, hence the name Amruthotharam Kashayam. In various diseases with different Anupanas it is highly beneficial. Amruthotharam kashayam is an amazing formulation mentioned under Kashaya Prayoga prakarana. Through the qualities of Rasapanchaka and the synergistic impact of ingredients, Amruthotharam Kashayam effectively reduces Ama and raises Agni. When used logically with the right Anupanas, Amruthotharam Kashayam produces amazing results for a wide range of illnesses. According to classical literature, its Anupana is Saindhava (rock salt) and Guda (jaggery). However, this Kashayam can be made more effective by combining it with other medications during preparation, as in Anaha and Gulma- with Hinguvachadi choornam. Because Hinguvachadi choornam is mentioned in both Agnimandya and Amadosha, it will have an additional effect. Since Amrithotharam Kashayam possesses the properties of Amapachana, it is strictly prohibited to be consumed with Ghrita. Avarti tailas are also contraindicated due to their Guruta (heaviness). In Ayurvedic treatment, Amruttotaram kashayam is frequently used as a stand-alone medication for a variety of ailments.

A Critical Review on Netra Tarpana: Netra Kriyakalpa Procedure

Smriti Kaul — 2025-05-15

Netra (eye) is an important sense organ. Netra Tarpana is a classical Ayurvedic ocular therapy used for the nourishment and rejuvenation of the eyes. This procedure involves retaining medicated ghee over the eyes within a well formed by a dough ring, allowing the medicament to bathe the ocular structures for a specified duration. Rooted in the principles of Rasayana and Chakshushya therapy, Netra Tarpana is especially indicated in conditions caused by Vata and Pitta dosha imbalances, such as dry eyes, eye strain, computer vision syndrome, and degeneration of ocular tissues. The therapy enhances visual acuity, reduces fatigue, and promotes overall ocular health. The holistic and non-invasive nature of Netra Tarpana makes it a valuable addition to contemporary ophthalmic care, especially for preventive and promotive eye health. In this article, the procedure, mode of action, indications, contraindications, formulations, and the therapeutic outcomes observed in clinical practice are described.

Ethnomedicinal Overview of Sesamum Indicum (Tila) as Described in the Brihatrayees

Sreelekshmi Biju — 2025-05-15

Sesamum indicum (Tila) is a revered oilseed plant extensively used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine since ancient times. Its reference dates back to the Vedic era, where it was commonly used in sacrificial rituals, religious offerings, and as a dietary and therapeutic substance. Classical Ayurvedic literature, as well as other ancient Indian texts, have documented the medicinal applications of Tila for a variety of human health conditions. The present review aims to compile the therapeutic uses of this significant medicinal plant as described in the Brihatrayee-the three foundational texts of Ayurveda: Caraka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. The study reveals that various parts of Sesamum indicum, especially its oil (Tila tailam), seeds, and paste, are frequently mentioned for their health-promoting properties. These include applications in skin care, wound healing, strengthening of bones and teeth, enhancing vitality, and managing disorders of Vata and Pitta doshas. The review underscores a substantial potential for further pharmacological and clinical research to validate and integrate these classical uses into contemporary Ayurvedic practice.

A Literature Review of Maathulai Oaddu Choorna for Kalichal in Siddha Medicine

Suthananthan Sathish — 2025-05-15

Four systems of traditional medicine have been adopted in Sri Lanka; Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Deshiya Chikitsa. The Siddha system of medicine is a traditional medical system that uses a scientific and holistic approach to provide preventive, promotive, curative, rejuvenating and rehabilitative healthcare. ‘Maathulai oaddu Choorna’ (MC) is of the internal medicine which is the poly herbal formulation. Maathulai oaddu Choorna is one of the most important drugs in Siddha Ayurvedha Government hospitals in Sri Lanka. Therefore, we selected this drug to literature review related its ingredients for ‘Kalichal’. Data for this review on 14 ingredients from 8 families were collected from relevant books, peer review journals and websites from October to December 2024. The characteristics of the ingredients that were identified for the review were plant morphology, parts used, Principal properties of each ingredient such as taste, potency and biotransformation, pharmacological actions, phytochemicals and medicinal uses. Among these ingredients, all were identified as herbal materials and 2 (14%) of species were found in Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, Lauraceae and Umbelliferae families. Based on the plant morphology 5 (35%) and 4 (28%) plants were herbs and trees respectively. 5 (35%) species were used as dry fruits. Among these ingredients 10 (71.4%) were pungent in taste, 8 (57.14%) were hot potency and 11 (78.5%) were pungent Vipaka. Pharmacological actions such as stomachic 10 (71.42%), carminative 9 (64.28%) and stimulant 8 (57.14%). Phytochemicals such as tannin 9 (64.28%) and volatile oil 8 (57.14%) were highly found in these ingredients. This literature review provides useful documentary evidences related its ingredients for Kalichal. There is need further extensive scientific studies should be carried out to justify in future.

Chuntaivatral Chooranam (Polyherbal Formulation) in Siddha Medicine- A Literature Review

Negetha Subramanieam — 2025-05-15

Chuntaivatral Chooranam is a polyherbal preparation which is used in the treatment of various diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, indigestion, and haemorrhoids. This Chooranam is mentioned in Siddha Vaitya Thirattu and is prepared with 7 ingredients. This review study is focused to develop scientific documentary evidence for medicinal ingredients of Chuntaivatral Chooranam. This study presents an organized compilation and analysis of data sourced from traditional Siddha Medicine textbooks and research publications on website. The data drawn from variety of ancient and contemporary texts were systematically collected and categorized from Oct to Nov 2024. Collected data were processed and analyzed by using MS Excel spreadsheets. All ingredients of Chuntaivatral Chooranam are herbs, which are from 7 different families. According to the data, parts used in the plants are 7 different sources as dried fruit, leaf, dried pericarp, kernel, fruit rind, fruit, and seed; each of them represents 14.28%. Out of 7 ingredients 42.85% has astringent taste, 57.14% with cold potency and 85.71% with pungent efficacy. Based on phytochemical analysis among the ingredients; 100% of the ingredients constitute flavonoids, tannin, phenol, saponin, volatile oil, alkaloid, and ascorbic acid, while 42.85% of them are carbohydrates and protein (42.85%). All the ingredients show astringent, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, 85.71% of them exhibit anti-diarrheal while 57.14% shows stomachic, anthelmintic and anti-diabetic activity each. Therefore, this review provides useful documentation of Chuntaivatral Chooranam. However further scientific studies should be performed in future regarding chemical and toxicity analysis.

Role of Panchakarma in Management of Cancer Patients

Rajeev Kumar Singh — 2025-05-15

Classical Ayurveda texts have several references to cancer. Charak and Sushrut Samhita described the equivalent of cancer as 'Granthi' (benign neoplasm) and 'Arbuda' (malignant neoplasm). Arbuda is the most accurate term for a cancerous malignancy. Gulma is referred to describe any palpable hard mass over abdomen which could be benign or malignant. In modern terminology, cancer is a group of malignant diseases with characteristics such as abnormal cell proliferation, lack of controlled growth, ability to spread to distant sites and evasion from natural cell death process. Treatment of cancer is based on excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunosuppressants. These treatments do provide benefits but also decreases the immunity leading to many side effects such as anaemia, loss of hair, recurrent infections, constipation, delirium, mental trauma, etc. Ayurveda explained that aggravated Vata and Pitta dosha by vitiating the Rakta, Mansa and Meda dhatu with the Kapha dosha gives rise to formation of round, knotty, elevated swelling. Removing these aggravated Doshas from the body through Shodhan karma is an effective method of treatment. Main aim of this article is to review the role of Panchakarma as an effective and supportive treatment as well as managing side effects of chemo-radio therapy. Basti karma used as a major therapeutic technique in combating cancer while other Panchakarma therapies plays a major role in management of significant cancers and eradicating all the side effects of chemo-radio therapy. Besides them, Yoga, Pranayama, Yagna therapy, meditation also helps in detoxifying the body thus improving quality of life.

Resolving Azoospermia (Shukra Kshaya) with an Ayurvedic Approach

Acharya Manish Ji — 2025-05-15

Azoospermia, characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, is a significant contributor to male infertility. Traditional treatment approaches often combine hormonal therapies, surgical interventions and assisted reproductive techniques, yet not all cases resolve successfully. This paper explores a treatment approach using Ayurvedic therapies. The study focuses on a 37-year-old male diagnosed with azoospermia, initially presented with the symptoms of sleeplessness, fatigue and general weakness. The patient underwent a treatment regimen including Ayurvedic formulations over a period of six months.

Post-treatment evaluations revealed significant improvements: total sperm concentration increased from nil to 28 million/ml, progressive motility improved to 50%, and sperm morphology normalized with 96% of sperm showing normal forms. Subjective symptoms also showed remarkable improvement with the Insomnia Severity Index score reducing from 18 to 8, and the Fatigue Severity Scale score reducing from 45 to 25. These findings suggest that integrating Ayurvedic medicine with conventional treatments can effectively enhance fertility outcomes and overall quality of life in patients with azoospermia. The study advocates for further research through larger clinical trials to validate and potentially standardize this integrative treatment approach.